A manual for selecting sampling techniques in research. Population divided into different groups from which we sample randomly. Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and. Technique options include, but are not limited to, the following. Purposive sampling an overview sciencedirect topics. It is a nonrandom technique that does not need underlying theories or a set number of informants. The process of triangulation or combination of two or more methods of sampling to get more effective and more specific results is called combination or mixed purposeful sampling. In contrast, sampling strategies for qualitative methods in implementation. Within each section we summarize how the topic is characterized in the corresponding literature, present our comparative analysis. A purposive sample is a nonprobability sample that is selected based on the characteristics of a population and the objective of the study.
The snowball sampling technique was used to trace 236 colleges of education graduates who studied visual arts as a compulsory and an elective subject and are teaching in primary schools in volta. Purposive sampling also known as judgment, selective or subjective sampling is a sampling technique in which researcher relies on his or her own judgment when choosing members of population to participate in the study. In the absence of data on the subject, a decision taken is just like leaping into the dark. Created using powtoon free sign up at youtube create animated videos and animated presentations for free. Purposive sampling subjects are selected because of some characteristic. Also known as purposive and selective sampling, purposeful sampling is a sampling technique that qualitative researchers use to recruit participants who can provide indepth and detailed information about the phenomenon under investigation.
This requires using procedures drawn from concurrent forms of data collection. Nonprobability sampling focuses on sampling techniques where the units that are investigated are based on the judgement of the researcher see our articles. Informationrich cases are those from which one can learn a great deal about issues of central importance to the purpose of the research, thus the term purposeful sampling. Purposive sampling generalizable or the existence of a particular kind of case will undermine all that you know to be true about a phenomenon, then look for that kind of case. Cluster sample a sampling method in which each unit selected is a group of persons all persons in a city block, a family, etc. Simple random sampling in an ordered systematic way, e. Patton 1990 has proposed the following cases of purposive sampling. Perhaps reflecting an awareness of this influence, patton expanded his typology from 16 purposeful sampling options in the third edition 2002 to 40 options in the fourth edition 2015.
The use of purposeful sampling in a qualitative evidence. Purposive sampling is a term used for methods of choosing a nonprobability sample in a way that makes it representative of the population, although there is no generally agreed definition of a representative sample, and purposive sampling is often based on subjective considerations. Then, he can use expert sampling to examine specific issues. The technique is a kind of statistically non representative stratified sampling because, while it is similar to its quantitative counterpart, it must not be seen as a sampling strategy that allows statistical generalisation.
Purposive sampling as a tool for informant selection. The purposive sampling technique, also called judgment sampling, is the deliberate choice of an informant due to the qualities the informant possesses. Purposive sampling is an informant selection tool widely used in ethnobotany table 1. However, combining sampling strategies may be more appropriate to the aims of. Purposive sampling as a tool for informant selection scholarspace. Qualitative sampling techniques statistics solutions. Purposive sampling, also referred to as judgment, selective or subjective sampling is a nonprobability sampling method that is characterised by a. Purposive sampling is highly prone to researcher bias no matter what type of method is being used to collect data. Sequential sampling technique, initially developed as a tool for product quality control. Purposive sampling may also be used with both qualitative and quantitative re search techniques. These categories are provided only for additional information for epsy 5601 students.
Using purposive sampling for a kira is agreed to give information that is good enough to provide an overview of the situation to. Purposeful sampling is a technique widely used in qualitative research for the. Research is a scientific process of investigation and experimentation that involves the systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of data to answer a certain question or solve problem. However, the use of the method is not adequately explained in most studies. The idea that a sample is created in the first place relies on the judgment of the researcher, as well as their personal interpretation of the data. A form of nonprobability sampling in which decisions concerning the individuals to be included in the sample are taken by the researcher, based upon a variety of criteria which may include. Sampling techniques introduction many professions business, government, engineering, science, social research, agriculture, etc. In the section which sampling technique to use in your research, it has been tried to describe what techniques are most suitable for the various sorts of researches. For example, a researcher can use critical case sampling to determine if a phenomenon is worth investigating further.
Feb 18, 2016 therefore we decided to conduct a scoping of the literature prior to applying a purposeful sampling technique. Purposive sampling becomes useful in this situation, because it offers a wide selection of nonprobability sampling techniques. The inherent bias of the method con tributes to its efficiency. It is highly subjective and determined by the qualitative researcher generating the. Purposive sampling is a nonprobability sampling method and it occurs when. Insights from an overview of the methods literature.
Used when a sampling frame not available or too expensive, and. Purposeful sampling is widely used in qualitative research for the identification and selection of informationrich cases related to the phenomenon of interest. Nonprobability sampling to learn more about nonprobability sampling, and sampling. Purposeful sampling is a technique widely used in qualitative research for the identification and selection of informationrich cases for the most effective use of limited resources patton, 2002. Simple random sampling, systematic sampling, stratified sampling fall into the category of simple sampling techniques. Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in. A purposive sample, also referred to as a judgmental or expert sample, is a type of nonprobability sample. Jan 23, 2017 created using powtoon free sign up at youtube create animated videos and animated presentations for free. Convenience sampling and purposive sampling are nonprobability sampling techniques that a researcher uses to choose a sample of. Purposive sampling, also known as judgmental, selective or subjective sampling, is a type of nonprobability sampling technique.
Multistage sampling also known as multistage cluster sampling is a more complex form of cluster sampling which contains two or more stages in sample selection. Sampling is a very complex issue in qualitative research as there are many variations of qualitative sampling described in the literature and much confusion and overlapping of types of sampling, particularly in the case of purposeful and. Purposeful sampling techniques for primary research have been well described by patton 2002, p. Although this advantage takes more time because there is a significant amount of data to collect compared to the other types that are possible, researchers save time trying to prove their. Pdf purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and. Snowball sampling is a sampling technique to gather data or information from a specific group of people 27 and mostly used to study hidden population 28. Hence, being systematic it has certain methods and.
Apr 02, 2019 this purposive technique makes it possible to prove the validity of the information immediately because no one is left out from the sampling process. Purposeful sampling is probably the most commonly described means of sampling in the qualitative methods literature today. Collecting data in mixed methods research r esearchers collect data in a mixed methods study to address the research questions or hypotheses. The primary goal of sampling is to get a representative sample, or a small collection of units or cases from a much larger collection or population, such that the researcher can study the smaller group and produce accurate generalizations about the larger group.
Technical sheet how to do a purposive sample humanitarian. Homogeneous sampling19 homogeneous sampling is a purposive sampling technique that aims to achieve a homogeneous sample. The data collection procedure needs to fit the type of mixed methods design in the study. Sep 03, 2017 sequential sampling is a nonprobability sampling technique wherein the researcher picks a single or a group of subjects in a given time interval, conducts his study, analyzes the results then picks another group of subjects if needed and so on.
In simple terms, in multistage sampling large clusters of population are divided into smaller clusters in several stages in order to. So one may easily decide which particular technique is applicable and most suitable of his or her research project. Although there are several different purposeful sampling strategies, criterion sampling appears to be used most commonly in implementation research. The sampling methodology used is a key aspect for understanding the kind of information that can be obtained during this part of the assessment. For example, if the purpose of an evaluation is to increase the effec.
Purposive sampling is a type of nonprobability sampling where the sites that are assessed are defined by the assessment team and based. Purposive sampling educational research basics by del siegle. Pdf purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection. The main objective of a purposive sample is to produce a sample that can be logically assumed to be representative of the population. Every member of the population is equally likely to be selected.
Purposive sampling is popular in qualitative research. Snowball sampling is used in this research to reveal every actor involved in each case either directly or indirectly. Pdf comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling. The idea is that if we apply different methods of sampling and get the same results upon analysis of both sets of samples, we can be more confident that our results. These do not exhaust the possibilities but illustrate some of the strategic lenses through which purposive sampling can be considered. The logic and power of purposeful sampling lies in selecting in formationrich cases for study in depth. Sampling techniques in this lecture, our focus only on sampling to really understand and mastery various techniques of sampling impossible to be achieved in just a lecture or in one semester course it is through a lifetime practice as a scientist but it is possible if just only one sampling technique. Comparison of convenience sampling and purposive sampling.
Pros and cons of different sampling techniques gaganpreet sharma abstract in the field of research different sampling technique are used for different fields. Typical case sampling is a type of purposive sampling thats useful when a researcher is looking to investigate a phenomenon or trend as it compares to what is considered typical or average for members of the a population. In this paper first we clarify the proper meaning of sampling. Stratified purposeful illustrates characteristics of particular subgroups of interest. Is there any difference between purposive sampling and. Convenience sampling and purposive sampling are nonprobability sampling techniques that a researcher uses to choose a sample of subjectsunits from a. Raj, p4 all these four steps are interwoven and cannot be considered isolated from one another.
571 727 135 962 1138 609 66 1041 1349 43 756 1235 314 353 805 1387 1364 276 597 75 353 338 1614 573 553 873 825 77 970 15 1421 194 590 629 717 304 830